Types of RFID chips

RFID chips are the integrated circuits (ICs) found inside RFID tags or labels. Despite their small size, these are highly integrated chips that include essential components such as a controller, memory storage, and a microprocessor.

The chip operates by receiving power through the waves emitted by the antenna, and the RFID reader processes the stored data from the integrated circuit and transmits it.

With continuous technological advancements, new RFID chips are constantly emerging, offering increased memory capacity and enhanced functionality. These chips provide a wide range of features, such as password protection, data encryption capabilities, or integration with EAS (Electronic Article Surveillance) systems. Some chips even combine UHF RFID and NFC technologies, such as the EM4423, which is found in the Smartrac Belt DF tag.

Main Features of RFID Integrated Circuits

1. EPC (Electronic Product Code): A unique serial number designed to individually identify any object or product. This code can be customised according to user needs. Example: F4500019081201311700680D.

2. User Memory: Allows storage of relevant information such as dates, product batches, expiry dates, and other important data.

3. TID (Tag Identifier): A unique, non-modifiable identifier that ensures the singularity of each RFID tag globally. It is factory-locked and cannot be altered. Example: E200001908120237172068DA.

4. Password: A password can be set to prevent unauthorised individuals from reprogramming the chip.

Main Features of NFC Integrated Circuits

1. UID (Unique Identifier): Similar to the RFID TID, it is a unique and non-modifiable identifier that guarantees the uniqueness of each NFC tag worldwide. It has a length of 7 bytes, equivalent to 14 hexadecimal characters. Example: 04 9C 64 D2 45 2B 80.

2. Password: As with RFID, a password can be added to prevent unauthorised reprogramming of the chip.

3. Memory: It offers the capacity to store data in 4-byte blocks. The standard encoding format is NDEF, which allows storing URLs, dates, product batches, locations, contacts, and more.

Leading Manufacturers of Integrated Circuits (IC)

• Impinj
• NXP Semiconductors
• Alien Technology

The most commonly used types of chips (IC) in RFID UHF technology

The most commonly used types of chips (IC) in NFC technology

In most cases and applications, standard ICs with low memory can be used. More specific sectors, such as the automotive, pharmaceutical industry and applications with security needs, require chips with more memory.

As you have seen, there are many varieties of integrated circuits (ICs) that offer a world of opportunities. For more information and applications, please do not hesitate to contact us.